Alföld, Nagy-Alföld
(Great Hungarian Plain): a
flat, fertile steppeland broken up with floodplain groves and
swamps in the central part of the Carpathian Basin. The part of
the plain between the Danube and the Tisza rivers is generally
distinguished from the region east of the Tisza, called the Tiszántúl
(qq.v.). Population density and the composition of the region's
population have varied greatly over the centuries, and have been
as much influenced by changes in its physical geography (due to
irrigation and swamp drainage projects, for instance) as the vicissitudes
of history. The Alföld is suited for grain farming and animal
husbandry (with the tanya, an isolated farmstead, as the typical
settlement type), as well as market gardening (fruit, grapes,
root crops and leafy vegetables, onions, peppers, and tobacco
are all grown).